DADA+AND+SURREALISM

== DADA AND SURREALISM== ANGELO, DILLON, XINE, BRIENNA, ZOE

DEFINITION OF DADA a protest by a group of European artists against World War I, bourgeois society, and the conservativism of traditional thought DEFINITION OF SURREALISM style in which fantastical visual imagery from the subconscious mind is used with no intention of making the work logically comprehensible. MAJOR ARTISTS **Paul klee** Paul Klee was born 18 December 1879 – 29 June 1940was a [|Swiss] [|painter] of [|German] nationality. [|[] His highly individual style was influenced by many different art trends, including [|expressionism], [|cubism], and [|surrealism]. He was a student of [|orientalism].[|[1]] Klee was a natural draftsman who experimented with and eventually mastered color theory, and wrote extensively about it. His works reflect his dry humor and his sometimes child-like perspective, his personal moods and beliefs, and his musicality. He and his friend, the Russian painter [|Wassily Kandinsky], were also famous for teaching at the [|Bauhaus] school of art and architecture. As Klee learned to manipulate color with great skill and passion, he became an effective teacher of color mixing and color theory to students at the [|Bauhaus]. This progression in itself is of great interest because his views on color would ultimately allow him to write about it from a unique viewpoint among his contemporaries. [[image:klee11.jpg width="189" height="274"]][[image:tfa142_a.jpg width="232" height="189"]]
 * the mask of a little the flag, goldfish**

LINKS http://www.zpk.org/ww/en/pub/web_root.cfm rene magritte René Magritte was born on the 21st November, 1898 in Hainaut, Belgium. His father was a tailor and a merchant. As his business did not go well the family had to move often. René lost his mother early and tragically – she committed suicide for unclear reasons. René was only 14 years old at the time. From 1916 through 1918 Magritte studied in the Royal Academy of Arts in Brussels.He became a wallpaper designer and commercial artist. His early painting works were executed under the influence of the Cubism and Futurism (1918-20), then he was inspired by the Purists and Fernand Léger. In 1922 Magritte married Georgette Berger, with whom he first became acquainted when fifteen years old. After meeting again in 1920, she became his model and then wife. In the 1940s Magritte made two attempts to change his painting style. But the so-called vie-heureuse or plein-soleil period of 1945-47, when he painted in the style of Renoir, and the époque vache that followed in 1947-48 did not prove to be effective and the artist returned to his previous manner.

Magritte died of cancer at the age of 69, August 15, 1967 in Brussels. big family by magritt http://www.magrittemuseum.be/ 

Joan Miró was a Spanish painter whose surrealist works, with their subject matter drawn from memory and imaginative fantasy, are some of the most original of the 20th century. Miró was born April 20, 1893, in Barcelona and studied at the Barcelona School of Fine Arts and the Academia Galí. Before 1920 his work shows wide-ranging influences, including the bright colors of the Fauves, the broken forms of cubism, and the powerful, flat two-dimensionality of Catalan folk art and Romanesque church frescoes of his native Spain. He then moved to Paris in 1920. Miró drew on memory, fantasy, and the irrational to create works of art that are visual analogues of surrealist poetry. These dreamlike visions, such as Harlequin's Carnival 1925, Albright-Knox Gallery, Buffalo or Dutch Interior 1928, Museum of Modern Art, New York City, often have a whimsical or humorous quality, containing images of playfully distorted animal forms, twisted organic shapes, and odd geometric constructions. The forms of his paintings are organized against flat neutral backgrounds and are painted in a limited range of bright colors, especially blue, red, yellow, green, and black. Shapes alternate with sharply drawn lines, spots, and curlicues, all positioned on the canvas. Miró later produced highly generalized works in which his organic forms and figures are reduced to abstract spots, lines, and bursts of colors. Miró also experimented in a wide variety of other ideas, devoting himself to etchings and lithographs for years in the 1950s and also working in watercolor, pastel, collage, and paint on copper and masonite. Miró died in Majorca, Spain, on December 25, 1983. http://cgfa.sunsite.dk/miro/index.html
 * Joan Miro**

** Marc Chagall was born in Belarus in July of 1887, into a close-knit Jewish family. Chagall began studying painting with a local painter, Yehuda Pen, in 1906. In 1907, he moved to St. Petersburg, Russia, where he began to study painting more seriously. It was difficult for Chagall to live in St. Petersburg at this time, as Jewish people couldn't live there without a permit. The painted was once jailed for disobeying this law. However, Chagall continued to live in St. Petersburg. Despite the fact that Chagall was from Russia, he is often known as a French painter. Chagall was married twice. His first wife, Bella, who is in many of his paintings, died in 1944. In 1945, Marc began a relationship with his housekeeper, Virgina McNeil, who was the mother of his son David. Chagall died on March 28, 1985.
 * Marc Chagall

Many of Chagall's paintings are inspired by his Belarusian childhood, and depict scenes from the Bible and Jewish hertiage. But not only did Chagall work on Jewish art; he created many stained glass windows for various churches. Marc Chagall is known for his happy, optimistic paintings and use of bright, vivid color. Pablo Picasso quoted, "When [|Matisse] dies,Chagall will be the only painter left who understands what color really is." Chagall also created many theater sets and stained glass windows, including one in the lobby of the U.N. Chagall is known as one of the most prominent Jewish artists. He is known for being a pioneer of modernism, as well as a Jewish artist.


 * [[image:inthevillage.jpg]] "I and the Village"

"Birthday"

"Other Vitebsk"

Marc Chagall links: [|www.chagallpaintings.org]

http://www.artchive.com/artchive/C/chagall.html

http://www.artnet.com/artist/3830/marc-chagall.html**

DeChirico

DeChirico was born in Volos, Greece on July 10th, 1888. DeChiro moved to Germany in 1906 and entered the Academy of Fine Arts in Murich to study the arts and works of many artists and philosophers. In 1910 he moved to Florence where he painted the first of his 'Metaphysical Town Squares' series. He moved to Paris July 1911 where he joined his brother Andrea. Through his brother he entered his work to Pierre Laprade. His work was noticed by Pablo Picasso and Guillaume Appillionare, he sold his first painting, The Red Tower. He met up with paul Guillaume and signed his artistic output. At the outbreak of war, DeChirico signed up for the italian army. He continued to paint, and in 1918 he was transferred to Rome. From 1918 his work was spread through Europe. In 1924 he married Raissa Gurievich. In 1930 he married his second wife, Isabella Far, whom he spent the rest of his life with. DeChirico's later paintings did not receive as much praise as his earlier ones, this he resented. Even so, he stayed profilic. He died in Rome November 20, 1932. "The Red Tower" "The disquieting Muses" DeChirico Links" http://www.galleryofart.us/De_Chirico/ http://www.i-politismos.gr/de_kiriko_eng.html http://www.answers.com/topic/museum-of-modern-art

Frida Kahlo Frida kahlo was born to an European father of jewish-hungarian descent and a mexican mother on july 6, 1907. She was closer to her father than her mother. At age 6 she suffered from polio that caused her right leg to be thinner indefinitely. Though this didn't stop her from being a tomboy. It was in high school that she met Diego Rivera, a famous mexican painter. On September 17, 1925, she was involved in a terrible bus accident, which broke her spinal column. She was not expected to live long, but her spirit helped her pull through and was able to walk again. She, of course, had to stay at the hospital for a long time. While staying there, out of boredom, she began her passion to art of painting. In 1929, she married Diego Rivera.

Her first painting was influenced by Diego and was called "Two Women" in 1929. This painting represented her jewish and hispanic self. She had many expeditions, especially in New York and France. She was world renowned for her paintings and was invited to be a guest by Picasso in France. At one of her expeditions, she had to have her leg amputated. This led to depression and became suicidal. She died on July 13, 1954. She is known for painting "her reality" and painted of love and patriotism. "Two Women" self portrait "Without Hope" "Henry Ford Hospital" Frida Kahlo links: www.**fridakahlo**.it/**paintings**.html en.wikipedia.org/wiki/**Frida**_**Kahlo** fbuch.com/**frida**by.htm - 12k

 **MRS DARLING'S COMMENTS: **

 Everyone. if you need another resource to find artists and their work try [|www.galleryofart.us] Angelo has a great link to the Paul Klee museum,